Multimedia (1653 words) Essay Example For Students

Multimedia (1653 words) Essay MultimediaMultimediaMultimedia, or mixed-media, systems offerpresentations that integrateeffects existing in a variety of formats,including text, graphics,animation, audio, and video. Such presentationsfirst became commerciallyavailable in very primitive form in theearly 1980s, as a result of advancesthat have been made in digital compressiontechnology particularly thedifficult area of image compression. Multimediaonline services areobtainable through telephone/computeror television links, multimediahardware and software exist for personalcomputers, networks, the internet,interactive kiosks and multimedia presentationsare available on CD-ROMs andvarious other mediums. The use of multimediain our society has it benefitsand its drawbacks, most defiantly. Someof the more computer-related uses ofmultimedia, such as electronic publishing,the internet, and computers ineducation will be discussed in depth thoughtthis paper. Electronic publishing is the publishingof material in a computer-accessiblemedium, such as on a CD-ROM or on theInternet. In a broader sense of theterm it could also include paper productspublished with the aid of a desktoppublishing program, or any form of printingthat involves the use of acomputer. Reference works became availablein the mid-1980s both in CD-ROM format andonline. Increasingly, in the 1990s, magazines,journals, books, andnewspapers have become available in anelectronic format, and some areappearing in that format only. Companiesthat publish technical manuals toaccompany their other products have alsobeen turning to electronicpublishing. Electronic books have been recentlyintroduced to the world as a whole. Thisnew concept is the use of internet orotherwise computer technology toelectronically convert books to a digital,readable format viewed on atelevision set or computer screen. Thiswould most likely be done by scanningin individual pages in a book, arrangethem in orderly fashion, and haveusers be able to cycle back and forthbetween the photo-identical pages. Thismethod would be very quick, and very easyto accomplish- that is- scanningpages as opposed to re-typing millionsof words is preferred. This brings usto another method in electronic book production-the interactive method. Indigital format, the books pages can onlybe viewed, just like a book. If areader would want to take notes from abook, he/she would have to write downthe notes by hand, or would be forcedto photo-copy the page(s). If the bookwas typed out entirely as would be doneby an electronic word processor suchas Microsoft Word, users would greatlybene fit. The ability for the computerto recognize the words on the screen asactual words as opposed to merebitmaps is often unrealized to the computernon-familiar. This recognitionallows the page to be edited with completeinteractivity and ease- again likeMicrosoft Word. Books can be updated orcorrected in real time, withouthaving to re-upload corrected pages, orcompensate for unalignment in wordsand page breaks. Perhaps the most beneficialto the user is theinteractivity- the ability to interactwith the words in the book. Byhighlighting letters on the page, copyingthem, and pasting them in personalclipboards or other word processing programs,the tedious task of note-takingcan be eliminated. This idea, on the otherhand, can raise issues with theauthor and publisher of the book. Plagiarism,already a problem, would runwild in this area. Users would theoreticallybe able to copy entire books ormagazines to their personal files, andbe able to use them as their ownreports or writings. Addition ally, theability to view a book and itscontents at no charge obviously will notagree with some publishers. Thisalso brings up the idea of charging peoplefor time online. Users could becharged money for use of electronic books/magazineson a time basis. This,however, will not go over well in thepublic domain. We would rather take onthe trouble of taking manual notes thanbe charged for something that isotherwise free at a library. Animal Farm - Compared To The Russian Revolution EssaySince their introduction in schoolsin the early 1980s computers andcomputer software have been increasinglyaccessible to students andteachersin classrooms, computer labs,school libraries, and outside ofschool. By the mid-1990s there were about4.5 million computers in elementaryand secondary schools throughout the UnitedStates. Schools buy Macintosh andIBM-compatible computers almost exclusively(though mostly Macs, dang it!!),although nearly half of their computersare based on older designs such asthe Apple IIe. Students spend on the averagean hour per week using schoolcomputers. Though this depends on thestudentComputers can be used for learningand teaching in school in at least fourways. First, learning involves acquiringinformation. Computers- especiallylinked to CD-ROMs and video disks thatelectronically store thousands ofarticles, visual images, and sounds- enablestudents to search the electronicequivalent of an encyclopedia or a videolibrary to answer their ownquestions or simply to browse throughfascinating and visually appealinginformation. Second, learning involves the developmentof skills like reading andmathematics- skills that are greatly learnedon computers in basic forms. Software called computer-assisted instruction,or CAI, asks questions tostudents and compares each answer withthe single correct answer- a verybasic program. Typically, such programsrespond to wrong answers with anexplanation and another, similar problem. Sometimes CAI programs are embeddedin an entertaining game that holds studentinterest and yet keeps studentattention on academic work. Most CAI programscover quite limited material,but some larger-scale reading and mathematicsprograms have been developed. Third, learning involves the developmentof a wide variety of analyticunderstandings. Computers help studentsreach these goals through softwaresuch as word processors , graphing andconstruction tools, electronicpainting and CAD programs, music compositionprograms, simulations of socialenvironments, and programs that collectdata from science laboratoryequipment and aid in analysis. Finally, a large topic in learningis communicating with othersfinding andengaging an audience with ones ideasand questions. Several types ofcomputer software can be used in schoolsfor communications: desktoppublishing and image-editing softwarefor making professional-quality printedmaterials, computer programming languagessuch as BASIC or Pascal or C forcreating interactive computer exercises,and telecommunications software forexchanging ideas at electronic speedswith students in other classrooms allover the world. The computer in education can posegreat benefits to the student, but to alimited extent. The computer must be usedas a tool, and not as a teacher. Itshould be thought of as an educationalassistant (in the school setting) andnot a game machine. Computers have unlimitedpossibilities, and we shouldincorporate them into our schools. Butin doing this, we must realize thatcomputers should not be the main focus,education and the quality of theteachers should be. For any case, withoutsolid teaching and instruction,computers and other such resources becomeuseless.

Corporate Finance Using the CAPM Model

Questions: 1. Management of a company could use Sensitivity and Scenario analysis in their corporate decision makings. How their decision making could be related to capital budgeting techniques such as, Internal Rate of Return, Net Present Value etc? 2. Explain and identify similarities and differences between the following two models? Answers: 1. Sensitivity Analysis The meaning of capital budgeting can be explained by looking at the current study. When handling with the anticipated resources and uncertainty demands becomes one of the main factors. The process of sensitivity analysis can be explained as the statistical technique, which is useful in explaining the substantial deviations from the expected value. Sensitivity Analysis is worried about discovering the value through which one can transform the information input to create the result of the linear-programming models to remained unaltered comparatively. This is helpful in explaining the information sensitivity that is provided for the challenges and is useful in evaluating the most favorable levels needed for every input. It is essential for the decision makers to support the decision making system and constructing required recommendations for it. this is helpful in assisting accurate examining of vigorousness of the outputs derived. Sensitivity analysis is useful in developing the communication process from the frame workers to the decision makers by assisting with adequate recommendations towards more convincing, trustworthy, credible and comprehensible decisions (Tian 2013). The analysis of sensitivity aids in raising the quantification and knowledge about of the processes, which is useful in proving knowledge about the relationship in the midst of output and input variables. The sensitivity analysis is useful in constructing of a framework, which aids in locating and searching for any faults in the model. It is notable to explain that in order to execute a sensitivity analysis, all the required inputs and deliberations that are linked in the process in order to get the expected output. For example, a model of deliberations and inputs of a firm is worried about manufacturing a new commodity that may comprise of data that is concerned with the estimated obtainability of limited resources, inflation rate, workforce employed in the development and research activity. The results are thought as the new profit, which is provided by the new commodity. Thus, sensitivity analysis is associated with transforming every variable and supervises what forces any alteration in the output (Iooss and Lematre 2015). It is seen that usually one variable get changed once and all the other factors remain constant at their pedestal value. This is helpful in effortless explanation of the variables that have an impact on the output. However, it is notable to show that all the resources may be self-governing, a s transforming inputs at one stage is not worried about the communication among the inputs. Figure 1: Sensitivity Analysis Reflection (Source: ) Sensitivity analysis aids the management as the style of evaluating the amount of risk that is engaged in the venture projected. Sensitivity analysis even helps in evaluating the impact of deviations in relation to the variable irrefutable constituents of a plan and aids the management to identify the possible consequences. The management of a firm can make use of the sensitivity analysis as a technique to discover the fundamentals of a plan if transformed to some level will have an effect on the outcomes of a project (Pianosi, Sarrazin and Wagener 2015). It is essential to explain that the organization connects with various types of risks, as there is no guarantee that the organization will gain any profit. The firm makes an effort to decrease the level of risk to the minimum level by remaining involved in activities that is helpful to the organization to earn revenues. The management undertakes the sensitivity analysis before using the plan for a new endeavor of business operations . Sensitivity analysis aids the management to evaluate the factors that will be helpful to the venture to earn revenue by generating an effect on the net profit amount of the planned operations (Kiendl et al. 2014). The managers explain the procedure of supervising risks that are involved in new venture or operations provided their extravagance by making use of the sensitivity analysis. Scenario Analysis Scenario analysis can be explained as the process of estimating the expected value of the portfolio in a given time period. This process engages the use of predicting the accurate variations in the amounts of the securities of the portfolio or the essential components that occurs like alterations in the interest rate. The process of scenario analysis is widely used to administer the transformations in the value of the portfolio that concerns the undesirable incidents, which may be useful to compute a theoretical horrible scenario (Ba?bura, Giannone and Lenza 2015). As a mechanism, sensitivity analysis comprises of evaluating the various reinvestment rates for expected returns that are reinvested during the prospect of investment. Scenario analysis provides a process to forecast variations in the value of the portfolio depending upon the standards of statistics circumstances (Bauer et al. 2015). These variations depend upon the happenings of various situations, which is known as scenarios that follows the principle of analysis. The scenario analysis can be an effective mechanism to compute the level of risk, which is involved in the provided investment correlated with the different possible incidents that ranges from widely probable to widely improbable. An investor can evaluate the level of risk available within his zone of comfort by looking at the results obtained from the analysis (Blobel and Frhlich 2017). There are numerous various paths of reaching the scenario analysis. Out of the all the various methods, one of the collective process is explaining the standard deviation of monthly or daily returns on security and then computing the expected value for every portfolio that create profits having their standard deviation lower or above than the average rate of return. With the help of this process, the forecaster can gather a rational amount of assurance with respect to the alteration in the value of a portfolio during an allotted time-period. Scenario analysis is undertaken to evaluate the probable investment situations, which can be used in various financial situations to explain the transfer in the values because of the theoretical circumstances. From the perspective of a customer, an individual can make use of the scenario analysis to analyse financial results while undertaking credit purchase that is contrary to hoard funds for any cash purchase. The organizations on the other hand utilize the scenario analysis to explain the possible financial outcomes of definite decisions. For instance, choosing one out of the two storefronts and facilities from which the organizational functions can be undertaken (Seppelt, Lautenbach and Volk 2013). This may comprise of deliberations like variations in rent, fees included with the utilities and any sort of advantages or insurance that may be accessible in one place but not in the other one. 2. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): CAPM is a model, which is employed for ascertaining the effective asset-based rate of return in theoretical underpinning for making decisions in relation to asset inclusions within a suitable diversified portfolio. Thus, the capital asset pricing model describes the estimation of an association, which could be observed within the risk involved in asset coupled with the projected return (Anghel and Paschia 2013). On the other hand, in Capital Market Line (CML), the market portfolio is deemed in encompassing the division of each risky asset. This is conducted through employment of the market asset values for ascertaining the weights (Brown and Walter 2013). Thus, CML is obtained from CAPM, which determines the expected return at different levels of risk. Under CAPM, CML could only be applied in the final portfolio of an investor. Moreover, in CAPM, the investors are probable to hold portfolios, which depend on the CML. Along with this, under CAPM; the CDML is given greater priority in contrast to the efficient frontier, as it concentrates on considering the risk-free asset within the portfolio (Dragoe, Balte? and Ardelean 2014). Thus, CAPM denotes that the portfolio of the market is primarily the efficient frontier. Figure 1: Relationship between Capital Asset Pricing Model and Capital Market Line (Source: Mihai and Cristina 2015) It has been observed that the CAPM assumptions are often considered as unrealistic; however, the simplification of reality is necessary to develop useful models. The assumptions of CAPM help in measuring the risks of the market and accordingly, they provide information to the investors about any change in the expected returns. In the words of Odobai?, Tolui? and Tolui? (2014), the CAPM denotes that the portfolio of the market acts as an efficient frontier. In addition, the pricing of the securities is made in such a way that the projected risks offset the ascertained returns. The CAPM covers two different aspects that generate the need of CML. The CML denotes the return on investment for an investor in relation to a specific portfolio. Thus, the formula of CAPM is employed on the part of CML for computing the expected return of an asset or a portfolio. In other words, CML depicts a visual representation of the formula of CAPM in the form of a graph (Vollmer 2014). Thus, it helps in describing the relationship between the expected return and systematic risk involved in a particular portfolio. The CAPM takes into consideration CML, which is necessary in determining the viability of a security for sound decision-making. The relationship between CAPM and CML is depicted in the formula as follows: (m, rm) is used to represent the point involved in the overall market portfolio. The rational investors select those portfolios, which have a point of (p. rp), as it depend largely on CML. Therefore, after the evaluation of this formula, CAPM could be used for gauging the systematic risk involved in a specific share. Along with this, the line of transformation that is tangential to the efficient set coupled with interception within risk-free rate rf, signifies CML. This implies a specific constitution of risky assets that an investor intends to hold. Such a composition could be considered as market portfolio. Finally, since CML acts as the line of transformation, the efficient frontier is tangential with the same. Capital Market Line (CML): CML is a line, which links returns with risk-free investments and associated market returns. The main point of distinction between CML and efficient frontier is the involvement of the former in lower risk investments and the portfolios contained within it are considered as efficient frontiers. Thus, CML is a method that is used to evaluate the portfolio performance. The points, which are below the line, would generate lower returns coupled with identical risks. Due to such reasons, there is absence of idealness. In addition, it is depicted in the form of a graph within CAPM for denoting the rate of return within market portfolio. The CML is based on the assumption that each investor of an organisation is required to have market portfolio. The risk intensity is associated positively with the expected return (Wagdi 2014). It has been observed that the CML acts as the linear mix of risk-free assets and the overall portfolio. The portfolios under CML are considered inferior that denotes a new set of efficient. The CML is expected to stay within CAPM for denoting the rate of return for efficient portfolios, which are probable to encounter the risk level related to risk-free return and market portfolio. The CML is derived by sketching a tangent from the interception point on efficient frontier to situation, in which the anticipated holdings return is identical to the risk-free rate. Thus, CML helps the investor by considering the risks of different additional assets within the outstanding portfolio. The CML is the output from the relation with market portfolio and the risk-free assets. The different consideration points in CML have enhanced the profiles of risk-return to specific portfolio within efficient frontier with the market portfolio exception. This serves as a point within the efficient frontier, in which CML is a tangent. Thus, from the perspective of CML, the portfolio encompasses each risky asset with less holding on the same. In accordance with CAPM, the market portfolio denotes efficient frontier and this could be accumulated as the portfolio cluster. Thus, the combination of market portfolio with risk-free assets provides an increased return in comparison to the efficient frontier (Wang, Huang and Hu 2016). Hence, it could be stated that such combination would lead to commencement of capital market line. Moreover, the main techniques used for evaluation of the projects include net present value and internal rate of return. The sensitivity analysis takes into account these two techniques in project evaluation at the time, which is greater than one alteration of variable. The existing idea depends on the variables excluding the evaluated one to analyse the sensitivity of IRR and NPV with changes in the variable. References: Anghel, M.G. and Paschia, L., 2013. Using the CAPM Model to Estimate the Profitability of a Financial Instrument Portfolio.Annales Universitatis Apulensis: Series Oeconomica,15(2), p.541. Ba?bura, M., Giannone, D. and Lenza, M., 2015. Conditional forecasts and scenario analysis with vector autoregressions for large cross-sections.International Journal of Forecasting,31(3), pp.739-756. Bauer, C., Hofer, J., Althaus, H.J., Del Duce, A. and Simons, A., 2015. The environmental performance of current and future passenger vehicles: life cycle assessment based on a novel scenario analysis framework.Applied energy,157, pp.871-883. Blobel, C. and Frhlich, E., 2017. Scenario Analysis for Strategic Purchasing: Development of a Scenario Simulation Tool for the Villeroy Boch AG. InSupply Management Research(pp. 275-294). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Brown, P. and Walter, T., 2013. The CAPM: theoretical validity, empirical intractability and practical applications.Abacus,49(S1), pp.44-50. Dragoe, G.M., Balte?, N. and Ardelean, D.I., 2014. STUDY REGARDING THE ASSETS EVALUATION ON THE FINANCIAL MARKET THROUGH THE CAPM MODEL.Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldi?, Arad-Seria ?tiin?e Economice, (3), pp.78-87. Iooss, B. and Lematre, P., 2015. A review on global sensitivity analysis methods. InUncertainty Management in Simulation-Optimization of Complex Systems(pp. 101-122). Springer US. Kiendl, J., Schmidt, R., Wchner, R. and Bletzinger, K.U., 2014. Isogeometric shape optimization of shells using semi-analytical sensitivity analysis and sensitivity weighting.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,274, pp.148-167. Mihai, N. and Cristina, S.M., 2015. Theoretical Aspects Of Risk In Capm Theory.Romanian Economic and Business Review,10(2), p.76. Odobai?, S., Tolui?, M. and Tolui?, Z., 2014. The application of the CAPM model on selected shares on the Croatian capital market.Ekonomski Vjesnik/Econviews: Review of contemporary business, entrepreneurship and economic issues,27(2), pp.297-311. Pianosi, F., Sarrazin, F. and Wagener, T., 2015. A matlab toolbox for global sensitivity analysis.Environmental Modelling Software,70, pp.80-85. Seppelt, R., Lautenbach, S. and Volk, M., 2013. Identifying trade-offs between ecosystem services, land use, and biodiversity: a plea for combining scenario analysis and optimization on different spatial scales.Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,5(5), pp.458-463. Tian, W., 2013. A review of sensitivity analysis methods in building energy analysis.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,20, pp.411-419. Vollmer, M., 2014.A Beta-return Efficient Portfolio Optimisation Following the CAPM: An Analysis of International Markets and Sectors. Springer. Wagdi, O., 2014. Relationship Between Risk and Common Stock Return in CML and CAPM.Browser Download This Paper. Wang, C.P., Huang, H.H. and Hu, J.S., 2016. Reverse-Engineering and Real OptionsAdjusted CAPM in the Taiwan Stock Market.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, pp.1-18.

Torture in China Then and Now

Table of Contents China’s Torture Chambers A Step into the Right Direction Conclusion Works Cited Human history is filled with violence. Since ancient times, murder and mayhem is a common occurrence in every pocket of the globe. The ability to destroy a person’s life is sometimes based on an inequality of power, the victim having less power to defend himself from an aggressor who has take an advantageous position and abuses his power over another. The one who has all the power then takes away the life of a human being.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Torture in China: Then and Now specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is no limited to individuals but a government can do the same. Aside from murder there is another human activity that must also be condemned because although it does not immediately take the life of a living person, its gradual effect can be likened to taking life one precious unit at a time. It is none other than torture and surprisingly the Chinese government is known to use it as an interrogation tactic and to silence its critics. This has to stop and China seems heading into the right direction in recent years. After World War the many have come to know the brutality of the Nazi government led by Adolf Hitler. They were experts in the use of torture. For them it was not only about extracting information but to use torture as a means to degrade and to break down the will and the spirit of their enemies. As a result world leaders, especially those working in conjunction with the United Nations, decided to initiate a convention against torture and their rationale for doing so was stated as follows: â€Å"Considering that, in accordance with the principles in the Charter of the United Nations, recognition of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world† (UN, p. 1) It do es not matter if a person is a royal subject or under a communist regime he or she is a human being with inalienable rights. In order to clarify the United Nations’ stand against torture they came up with the first ever definition of torture and it can be used in the international courts as a basis to determine if a regime or a certain political leadership is guilty of this offense and they wrote: †¦torture means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such a purpose as obtaining from him or a third person information or confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of †¦ a public official or other person acting in an official capacity (UN, p.1). There are two th ings about this definition that stand out. First, it is the highlighting the kind of pain or suffering inflicted – that it is not limited to the physical but mental as well. This is crucial because torture methods can become sophisticated that there are no visual evidence of suffering but the mind of the person was already broken beyond repair.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondly, it is the insistence of the United Nations that torture is narrowly defined as an action inflicted at the instigation or acquiescence of a public official (UN, p.1). This will redirect the discussion on the allegation that China is perpetuating a bureaucracy that includes torture as one of their most effective tools of governance. China’s Torture Chambers According to Kenneth Roth, the executive director of Human Rights Watch, â€Å"The government maintains a system of laws and practices that give rise to torture† (Watts, p.1). In1994 the United States sent U.S. Secretary of State Warren Christopher to confront then Prime Minister Li Peng regarding allegations of human rights abuse in China (Nelan, p.1) Li Peng responded by saying, â€Å"The Chinese government cares deeply about human rights† (Nelan, p.1). It is hard to believe and difficult to understand how the Prime Minister can see torture from a different light and consider barbaric practices as part of law enforcement protocol and good governance. It is a well known fact that torture has always been a part of the government’s repertoire in the attempt to control a vast territory that extends as far as Tibet in Mongolia. According to the U.N. Committee on Torture there is reason to believe that: â€Å"†¦torture may be practiced on a widespread basis in China† (Holmstrom, p.26). In the aftermath of the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre, Wang Dan was arrested and imprisoned for 43 months for his leadership role (Nelan et al., p. 1). After his release he was picked up once again by the police and interrogated for 24 hours and was told to get out of Beijing (Nelan et al, p.1). If one will take a second look at the UN charter, the actions of the policemen are tantamount to torture. Another disgusting facet of the use of torture is seen in the fact that it is not limited to suspected criminals but people who are perceived to be enemies of the state. Human rights groups have always contended that brutality and degradation are common in Chinese prisons â€Å"†¦where many of the victims are from the Tibetan and Uighur ethnic minorities, political dissidents, followers of the banned Falun Gong sect and members of underground churches† (Watts, p.1). This is the Digital Age and yet many Chinese people still suffer because of their desire to practice their faith.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Torture in China: Then and Now specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the most affected religious group is the sect called the Falun Gong. The Communist Party’s revulsion concerning this group may stem perhaps from the fact that it is one of China’s most ancient religions and a prime example of how vastly different is communism to the old way of life and so the party wanted it eliminated from their society. In 1999 the government declared Falun Gong illegal and began to systematically round up and torture some of its members. â€Å"Some Falun Gong members have been tortured in custody and some have died† (Lipton, p.86). This is simply unacceptable. While it is shocking to know that China uses medieval age tactics to coerce its people and to institute justice in her realms even as late at the 20th century, what is more appalling is the fact that the Chinese government is still backing up the use of torture even in the 21st century. A UN special investigator was sent to China in 2005 and he discovered that immersion in sewage, ripping out fingernails, sleep deprivation, cigarette burns and beatings with electric pods are just some of the torture methods used by Chinese police officers and prison officials (Watts, p.1). However, it must be pointed out that the Chinese government is not one hundred percent indifferent towards the issue. But they want to take their time and sensitive to external prodding for them to transform law enforcement system. A Step into the Right Direction The Chinese government does not want any foreign country exerting their influence and telling them what to do. Outsider’s opinion does not matter to them whether it is in the form of advice regarding the way they do business or their policies with regards to human rights. It has to be understood that China is governed based on communist ideology and in a nutshell it simply means that the state takes precedence over the individual. This is a mindset radically opposed to the western worldview wherein each human being has an inherent value and each one has freedom and inalienable rights as well as his right to pursue happiness. In communist China the state can do anything as long as it is for the perceived good of the state and society in general. In recent years there seems to be positive signs that China is considering its stance regarding torture and working towards a future wherein the government will vigorously oppose the use of torture as part of intelligence gathering and governance. There are two reasons for this shift first of China hosted the 2008 Olympics and eyes of the whole world was riveted to this communist state.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More North Korea may be as hardcore as China when it comes to socialism but it is only China who succeeded in marrying socialism and capitalism. And if one is in the game of capitalism there are certain rules to follow and part of it is dependence on trade partners although China has more than a billion people its leaders are wise enough to know that they cannot survive on their own, especially in a global market. So it is going to be expected that China will give out a few concessions, and a more open-minded China can be seen in the coming years. Aside from concern of an economic backlash from the West there is another major reason why China is softening its stance regarding the use of torture in solving crimes and punishing criminals. There were two separate and related incidents wherein two suspects were tortured and forced to admit guilt only to find out a decade later they were innocent from the very beginning. A convicted murder named Zhao Zuohai was acquitted after his supposed vi ctim went home after disappearing for more than ten years (Hornby, p.1) In a similar case a man who confessed to killing his wife was released from prison after his wife was found to be alive and well after 11 years of disappearance; unfortunately his mother died in prison when she was arrested after defending his son’s innocence, both were victims of torture (Hornby, p.1) As a result the Chinese government has issued guidelines to stop the use of torture in obtaining confessions or witness testimony (Jacobs, p.1). It is about time. However, the world is hoping that China will go full blast with reforms and not hold back. The government must show proof that this time around they are serious about transforming their judiciary and law enforcement departments. â€Å"The larger problem, legal experts say, is the disconnect between China’s stated desire for the rule of law and the Communist Party’s insistence that the judicial system serve the party† (Jacobs, p,1). It must also be noted that this is not the first time that China has pledge to initiate change and yet unable to pull the trigger so to speak. In 1995 the Chinese government sent a report to the United Nations committee against torture and in that said report they made known their intention to institute legal reforms specifically amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law (Holmstrom, p.26) However, the committee was dismayed when it discovered that the report is lacking in the most important issues, for instance: â€Å"The failure to incorporate the crime of torture into the domestic legal system, in terms consistent with the definition contained in article 1 of the Convention† (Holmstrom, p.26). Nevertheless, the embarrassment generated by the wrong conviction of two men who were under duress when their confessions were taken can be the real wake-up call needed by China. It must also be pointed out that the United Nations can only be certain of success if it can convince China to acknowledge that there are various forms of torture. Although China already outlawed torture as stated in a report they submitted to the UN Committee against torture, they simply defined torture as leaving physical marks, a definition so narrow it provided a way for officials to use other methods that can contravene UN standards (Watts, p.1) For instance many torture victims were manacled in contorted positions, were deprived of sleep and subjected to psychological forms harsh treatment and all of these does not leave a mark but it does leave a lasting impact to the mind and spirit of the human being in custody (Watts, p.1). This has to stop. Conclusion International leaders, especially the United Nations were aware that torture is rampant in China. The international community already condemned these barbarous acts especially when it comes to using torture against dissidents – people who held dissimilar views than the government. In the United States it is called fr eedom of expression; in China it can be grounds for arrest and in some instance giving police officers the right to torture suspects in their custody. It is a good thing that China is finally able to acknowledge the problem and has declared it illegal to use torture to obtain information from witnesses and to coerce a confession from a suspect. However, the United Nations must not give up the fight until the Chinese government will come to realize that the accurate definition of torture is found in the UN and not in the papers drafted by China’s communist party. Works Cited Holmstrom, Leif. Conclusions and Recommendations of the UN Committee Against  Torture. MA: Kluwer Law International, 2000. Hornby, Lucy. â€Å"New China rules rule out torture in confessions.† Web. Jacobs, Andrew. â€Å"China Bans Court Evidence Gained Through Torture.† The New York  Times. Web. Lipton, Edward. Religious Freedom in Asia. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2002. Nelan, B. et al. â€Å"Farewell My Trade Status.† Web. United Nations. â€Å"CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.† Web. Watts, Jonathan. â€Å"Torture still widespread in China, says UN investigator.† Web. This essay on Torture in China: Then and Now was written and submitted by user Konner Cantrell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Summer Holiday Topic Ideas

Summer Holiday Topic IdeasSummer holiday topic ideas are a great way to give yourself a treat as a student. Doing something different, away from your normal job duties, gives you the opportunity to think of several different ideas for essay topics. It is important that you consider all your choices carefully before you begin writing an essay on any topic.It is likely that you have studied previous summer holidays with your family and will be able to think of a lot of things that you could include in your essay. There are numerous things you can do to research for topic ideas. It is a good idea to visit websites and find out what others have written on similar topics. Consider this information when you are starting out on your project.You should also visit the library or big box book stores and take a look at some free research resources. Find some of these from the internet. Remember that if you are on vacation you can spend time researching for essays and other assignments. Many peo ple make the mistake of doing this while they are working.One way to get this information is to attend career fairs and other seminars that are run by major companies. Most of these companies will pay for you to attend their seminars or classes. It is likely that they will send you brochures so that you can come back with a list of ideas for essay topics.If you want to save money and still have some free research, check with your college or university's website for many publications that can be downloaded free. You may also be able to find some literature at your local library. Again, it is likely that you will be able to take advantage of the resources that are available.If you have already completed a number of topics for this year and are considering subject matter expert. There are plenty of experts who can write essays for you. Check with your high school or college counselor to see if there are any programs where you can earn extra credit by completing essays. This will help y ou be able to write your essay in less time.Now that you have some summer holiday topic ideas, it is important that you remember to take them all seriously and not get carried away. You should only be writing on topics that you are completely familiar with.

Strategic Information System †Current Issues The WritePass Journal

Strategic Information System – Current Issues WRITEPASS CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING PUBLIC HEALTH DISSERTATION TOPICS Strategic Information System – Current Issues ) lists the main opportunities of strategic information systems’ application in healthcare as follows: Biomedical research Developing prevention and treatment standards Care delivery Linking national and regional registries Decision-support Challenges Blumenthal (2009) states that the resistance in the profession is the main barrier of SIS integration. Further challenges listed by Ngafeeson (2014) are: Lack of integration among systems Confusing standards Lack of well-developed exchange systems Cost restraints Potential Benefits The main potential benefits of SIS on the health care system to successfully deal with demographic challenges are: Accessibility (rural residents’ access to care) Cost savings Improved quality of care Education opportunities remotely Collaboration among departments (Rudowski 2008). Emerging Themes Clinical decision support systems can support primary care providers (Berner 2009) Rural access improvement through â€Å"internet doctor† services (Wood 2004) Data mining capability building to develop knowledge about trends (Ngafeeson 2014) Instant collaboration methods development Current Initiatives Chronic Disease Management Program in New Zealand helped deliver adequate diabetes control (Rudowski 2008) transmission of ECG signal directly from the ambulance to invasive cardiology centre (Rudowski 2008) Teleradiology Application of SIS in Health Care Berner (2009) lists possible areas of adaptation as: Preventive care (identifying risk populations) Diagnosis (database updates) Treatment plans (guidelines, templates) Cost reduction (duplicate test alert, for example) Follow-up management (alerts) (Berner 2009). Future Outlook and Research Hoque, Hossin, and Khan (2016) states that Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) will benefit developing countries more. The authors also define different stages of SISP: Strategic awareness Situation analysis Strategy conception Strategy formulation Strategy implementation SIS Challenges Difficulty to secure commitment Need for training and development Lack of IT support Underdeveloped technological environment IT leader selection and recruitment Issues with implementation and project management (Hoque, Hossin, and Khan 2016) Conclusion Several opportunities exist in improving health care access, diagnosis accuracy, and information flow in the health care system, related to the development of SIS. The main barriers of implementation were found to be lack of training opportunity, personnel resistance, and lack of IT leadership. References Berner, E.S., 2009. Clinical decision support systems: state of the art.  AHRQ publication,  90069. Hoque, M.R., Hossin, M.E. and Khan, W., 2016. Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) Practices In Health Care Sectors Of Bangladesh.  European Scientific Journal,  12(6). Ngafeeson, M.N., 2015. Healthcare Information Systems Opportunities and Challenges. In  Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Third Edition  (pp. 3387-3395). IGI Global. Rudowski, R., 2008. Impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on Health Care.  Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. WHO. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2011.  A System of Health Accounts 2011. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Wood, J., 2004.  Rural health and healthcare: A north west perspective. Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University.

The Character of Physical Law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Character of Physical Law - Coursework Example For instance, the moon still shines even when it is invisible. Einstein proved the relationship between conservation and locality principle in his special theory of relativity. According to Feynman, charge represent charged sub-atomic particle (electron or proton), hence a thing. On the other hand, energy is a behavior of objects, which can only be explained through abstract mathematical formulas. Charge obeys the principle of conservation, has the baryon number, and is relativistic invariance (Louisa, 2008). The three properties make charge more of a thing than a behavior. On the other hand, energy obeys the conservation principle but does have baryon number. The photon polarization experiment attempts to explain polarized sinusoidal plane electromagnetic wave. The experiment can be set in a linear or a circular format to achieve either circular or linear polarization. To determine the relationship between polarization and wave motion the experiment applies quantum mathematical vari ables such as vectors, unitary operators, and probability. The experiment investigates infinitesimal transformations of classical polarization state of a wave. The experiment can be conducted using a pair of Polaroid sunglasses. According to Bell's Theorem, the two values are localized. Thus, their action goes beyond their presence. In this experiment, the speed of light is a universal constant that represent the upper bound (limit) of any variable. According to Goodman ‘grue’ is the appearance of an object relative to a time interval t. Thus, an object is grue if it is green before time t elapses and blue afterwards. However, the original definition asserts that an object is green irrespective of the time it is observed. Grue is used to make conclusions on scientific induction problems. For example, the problem of green and grue emeralds can be concluded through induction. Obviously all emeralds examined so far are green; therefore, we are compelled to conclude that al l emeralds discovered in future will be green. It is unrealistic to conclude that emeralds discovered after time t will be grue. The statements; â€Å"all emeralds are green" and all emeralds are grue" are classical induction problems (Ragep, 2001). Such problems cannot be concluded using the principle of grue due to the invariance of form. In addition, ‘grue’ is an inherently time-indexed concept. The concept is not well defined due to variation of language and definitions. Therefore, the term ‘grue’ should not be incorporated in induction. Galileo principle of inertia asserts that a body moving on a level surface will continue to move in the same direction, unless disturbed. This principle is related to Newton’s first law of motion, which states that relate the resultant force to mass and acceleration. The force of gravity provides an answer to questions of â€Å"what keeps planets on their orbits.† Newton concluded that the force of gravit y is universal and is dependent on masses of objects and the distance separating them. These insights are equivalent to the Kepler's planetary motion law, which states, â€Å"An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time.† On page 21, Feynman discusses how Newton tested an idea of his and concludes: This was a dramatic test that everything is all right." Feynman argued that Kepler’

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to Essay

Problems surrounding Ritalin like parents and teachers wanting to control children with drugs - Essay Example However, not all cases of patients with this disorder are required to take medicine. According to Dr. Fred Baughman, a certified child neurologist, one of the important grounds of actually resorting to pills for kids would be if ADHD is already putting the child’s life at risk (Null, G., n.d.). This relates to the severity of the condition wherein kids’ hyperactivity could put them in dangerous situations, hurt themselves, create unhealthy relationships with people around them and etc. With this said, carelessly judging a kid’s behavior and immediately concluding the need for medication is not beneficial. This is because of the fact that aside from the numerous side effects of which such as difficulty sleeping, dizziness, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, headache, numbness, irregular heartbeat, difficulty breathing, fever, hives, seizures, agitation, motor or verbal tics, depression, slows down growth, promotes weight gain, and could even cause sudden death, especially in children with heart problems, it can also create a culture that is totally dependent on drugs which will defeat the value of perseverance, hard work, and learning in the most natural ways which in turn are the most effective in inculcating different values among people through experience. For parents who might have problems with their kids having lack of focus in school or perhaps are just more active than their peers, it is best to not look at their behavior subjectively, instead, consider whether their behavior is already causing more trouble than turning to drug use which has a lot of risks. This is because of the numerous cases where ADHD is already causing their kids to physically hurt others or themselves, hindering them from getting a full meal resulting in lack of nutrition, or causing them violent reactions when doing the most routinary things such as taking a bath